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Thursday, March 31, 2016

Soccer/Football

Heading is a skill unique to football. For a power header, the player meets the ball at the
top of the jump. Good timing is im­portant, and contact should be made with the forehead.
SuperSport Top Story
Jose Mourinho has agreed to become the new manager of Manchester United, according to British media reports on Thursday.
Champion League
Cristiano Ronaldo insists personal goals will be put to one side as Real Madrid seek to embellish their incredible European record with...
FA Cup
FA Cup quarterfinal replays will be scrapped from next season, the Football Association announced on Thursday.
Europa League
Liverpool have been hit with a second Uefa fine in less than a week for their fans letting off fireworks during their Europa League quarterfinal against Borussia Dortmund in April.

Soccer/Football Popularity
After Beckham, What Next for North American Soccer? There can be little doubt that the departure of David Beckham from Major League Soccer leaves a large vacuum to be filled in the league’s marketing strategy. It is perhaps an even larger vacuum than the one he leaves in the Los Angeles Galaxy midfield…Read more>
Soccer Is Booming But That Presents Unionized Writers With Choices and Dilemmas. As Soccer has evolved into an industry, its journalistic fraternity has tried to move with the times....Read more>
10 Data Points That Prove That Soccer Has Finally Made It In America. This question has been asked many times before. Has soccer finally made it as a mainstream American sport? In the U.S., soccer’s popularity has been eclipsed by American football, basketball, baseball, hockey and even golf for decades. But that’s about to change...Read more>
Top 25 Soccer/Football Websites
Telegraph Sport takes a look at the 25 best football websites for videos, pictures, statistics, news, blogs and gossip…Read more>
Sports Sponsorship is Big Business
By engaging consumers on an emotional level, sports sponsorship can drive sales and increase market share, resulting in huge revenues…Read more>
Sports Corruption. 
How FIFA (via Interpol) turned to academia to clean up the ‘beautiful game’. The inside story of an Interpol conference (sponsored by FIFA) on how to use education and research to tackle match fixing and corruption in soccer…Read more>

Football/Soccer Coaching
FIFA Education and Training
Coach Training Certificate
GrassRoots Coaching
Football Coach Online
Football of Malaysia Association (FAM)

Record numbers of Americans are tuning in to the U.S.'s World Cup games. But history
suggests it's too early to declare that the sport has "arrived" here.
When FIFA’s corruption scandals first erupted in May, there were calls by some 
in Europe to end the organization as we know it. To save football, 
Europe needs to break awaythey said.

About Soccer/Football
Soccer/Football is the world's most popular sport Action-packed goalmouth play makes it a thrilling game. Tens of thousands of spectators attend the big matches. In the incident above, defenders try in vain to keep the ball out of their goal in an English cup final.
The football pitch. The field of play is rectangular. Its size may vary considerably, but for international matches must be 100-110 metres long by 64-75 metres wide.
The referee indicates a caution by displaying a yellow card. A player is sent off when shown a red card.
The one-two, or "wall pass", is an attacking move used to pull the opposing defence out of position and create a goal chance. Player 1 passes to player 2, and moves past the opponent into position 3 to take the quick return pass.
Free kicks. just outside the opponents' penalty area offer good goalscoring opportunities. Opposing players may line up in a "wall" to cover one side of the goal while the goalkeeper covers the rest of it.
Football skills. Footballers must control the ball without using their hands or arms. Players use their feet, thighs, chest, head, and other parts of their body to control the ball and to move it. When shooting for goal, players place their nonkicking foot by the side of the ball. (1) Controlling the ball with the foot (2) Chest control, and (3) Shooting…follow through.
Heading is a skill unique to football. For a power header, the player meets the ball at the top of the jump. Good timing is im­portant, and contact should be made with the forehead.
Dribbling calls for balance and close control. The player twists and turns to de­ceive opponents, while keeping the ball close to the feet. The legs and body are used to "screen"  the ball.
Goalkeeping needs agility, judgment, and good ball-handling ability. It takes courage to dive at an opponent's feet or to punch the ball away under pressure.
League competition is the backbone of football. Players from Arsenal and Chelsea league clubs, above, battle for the ball in an English First Division match.
Soccer/Football in England. Soccer/Football was played in Eng­lish independent schools in the mid-1800's. It was in these upper-class schools and the universities that the rules of football were first drawn up.

Soccer/Football terms
Advantage. A referee may choose to ignore a foul, judging that to stop play would give the offending side an advantage.
Bend is to kick the ball so that it swerves in flight.
Caution, or booking, is an official warning by the referee to a player, accompanied by the display of yellow card.
Centre, or cross, means to play the ball to a fellow attacker from the wing into the goalmouth.
Charge is the legal shoulder-to-shoulder contact made on a player with the ball.
Chip is a lofted pass or shot made by kicking the ball from the ground over an opponent.
Close down means to approach an opponent who has the ball in such a way that the opponent finds it hard to make good use of the ball.
Cover means either to support a team-mate who is under pres­sure or to mark an opponent.
Dead ball occurs when the ball goes out of play or the referee stops the game.
Dissent, an offence, means showing disagreement with the ref­eree's decision.
Dribbling means running with the ball under close control at the feet, nudging it along.
Goalmouth is an undefined area close to the goal.
Lay off means to take a pass, usually facing the direction of play, and transfer it back or sideways to a team-mate.
Marking means guarding an opponent.
Obstruction is an offence that occurs when a player deliber­ately gets in the way of an
opponent without attempting to play the ball.
One-two is a quick exchange of passes between two players usually made to get past an opponent. 
Overlapping is a move in which a defender, usually a fullback comes into the attack along the wing.
Restart is any method used to start the game after a stoppage
Running off the ball means moving into positions to support team-mates or distract opponents. 
Screening is keeping body and feet in the way of an opponent while playing the ball.
Wall is a defensive barrier formed by two or more players, usu­ally to block shots at free kicks.

The World Cup is held every four years. Here, England (white shirts) and Cameroon contest a quarter-final match in the 1990 competition in Italy. Cameroon were the first African team to reach this stage of the finals. They lost 3-2 to England, but confirmed the emergence of Africa as a new power in international football.

1930 Uruguay 4 Argentina 2 (Montevideo)
1934 Italy 2 Czechoslovakia 1 (Rome)
1938 Italy 4 Hungary 2 (Paris)
1950 Uruguay 2 Brazil 1 (Rio de Janeiro)*
1954 West Germany 3 Hungary 2 (Berne)
1958 Brazil 5 Sweden 2 (Stockholm)
1962 Brazil 3 Czechoslovakia 1 (Santiago)
1966 England 4 West Germany 2 (London)
1970 Brazil 4 Italy 1 (Mexico City!
1974 West Germany 2 Netherlands 1 (Munich)
1978 Argentina 3 Netherlands 1 (Buenos Aires!
1982 Italy 3 West Germany 1 (Madrid)
1986 Argentina 3 West Germany 2 (Mexico City)
1990 West Germany 1 Argentina 0 (Rome)
1994 Brazil 0 Italy 0 (Pasadena). Brazil won 3-2 on penalty kicks.
*Deciding match of final pool.

Useful Links
Sports Football
About FIFA.comAbout UEFA.comAbout AFC.com
The Guardian - Football Matches
Soccer Coaching Skills



 “Football/Soccer” is now 
a multibillion-dollar global industry. 


Association Football, is the world's most popular sport. It is the national sport of most European and Latin-American countries, and of many other nations. It is known simply as football in most English-speaking countries. It is also often called by its popular name, soccer.
Millions of people in more than 160 countries play football. The game's most famous international competi­tion, the World Cup, is held every four years. The finals are watched by a worldwide television audience of hun­dreds of millions.
Two teams of 11 players take part in a football match. They attempt to send the round ball into their oppo­nents' goal. A successful attempt is called scoring a goal. The team scoring the most goals in the two 45-minute periods wins the game. Players use their feet, head, or any other part of their body except hands and arms to propel or control the ball. One player from each side, the goalkeeper, may handle the ball, but only in a re­stricted area around the goal. There is considerable physical contact as opposing players contest possession of the ball.
Football as it is played today began in England in the mid-1800's. The game grew rapidly in England and Scot­land, and soon spread to other parts of the world. The  governing body for world football, the Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) was established in 1904. FIFA staged the first Olympic football competition in 1908, and the first World Cup in 1930. At the highest level, football is a professional game. It is played mainly by boys and men. But it is becoming increasingly popular with female players, especially in Scandinavia and some other European countries.

Standard Soccer Field Dimensions and Markings
Identify the different parts of a football pitch, their 
measurements and what their markings are for.
Field and equipment
Football rules lay down dimensions for the field of a play, the goals, and the ball. These may be modified for players under the age of 16. The size, weight, and material of the ball may also be modified for women players. The football field, or pitch, is rectangular and may vary in overall size. The field is marked out by lines not more than 12 centimetres wide. At each corner is a flag, on a post not less than 1.5 metres high with a nonpoin­ted top. Flagposts may also be placed opposite the half­way line on each side of the field, at least metre from the touch lines.
The goals stand on the centre of each goal line. They consist of two upright posts joined at the top by a horizontal crossbar. The posts must be white, and are made of wood, metal, or other approved material. The inside measurements of the goal are 7.32 metres wide by 2.44 metres high. The widths and depths of the posts and crossbar must not exceed 12 centimetres. In section, the nosts and crossbar must be square, rectangular, round, half-round, or elliptical. Nets are attached to the posts, and crossbar, and fixed to the ground behind the goal.
The ball is sphericai, with an outer casing of leather 0r other approved material, it must have a circumfer­ence of 68 to 71 centimetres, and must weigh from 396 to 453 grams at the start of the match. The pressure in­side may be from 0.6 to 1.1 atmosphere (600 g/cm2 to 1100g/cm2).
players' equipment consists of a jersey or shirt, shorts, socks, shinguards, and footwear. All of these items are compulsory. The colour of the goalkeeper's jersey must be different from the shirts of players of ei­ther side, and from the referee.
A player must not wear anything likely to be danger­ous to another player, such as sharp studs or a plaster cast. In international competition, the referee inspects the players' equipment before the game to ensure that it conforms to the rules. The rules of any competition may include a similar provision.

Football is played 11-a-side with a maximum of two substitutions. Depending on the rules of the competi­tion, the substitutes may be chosen from a pool of not mere than five nominated players. A player whose part in the game has been taken by a substitute may not re­turn to the field.
The duration of the game is 90 minutes, split into two halves, with an interval of at least 5 minutes. The referee must add time lost for stoppages at the end of each half. Stoppages include substitutions, injuries, and deliberate time-wasting. At some levels of the game, including under-16 and women's football, shorter periods of play may be agreed. In some competitions, two extra periods of 15 minutes each may be played at the end of 90 min­utes, in an attempt to break a tie.
The ball is in play at all times, unless the referee stops the game or judges the ball to have completely crossed the goal line or touch line. For a goal to be scored, the ball must completely cross the goal line between the posts. The side scoring the greater number of goals wins the game. If the two sides have an equal number of goals at the end of the game, the result is a draw.
Starting play. The team captain winning the toss may choose which goal to defend or may decide to kick off (start the game). At the start of the game, all the players must be in their own half of the field. The player kicking off must play the ball into the opposing half at least the distance of its own circumference. The player kicking off may not play the ball again until it has been touched by another player. No opposing player may be within 9.15 metres of the ball, as determined by the centre circle, until it is in play.
The game is restarted in the same way after a goal has been scored, by the team against which it was scored.
At the start of the second half, the game is restarted by the team that did not kick off at the start. The teams change ends at half-time.
The officials. A single referee controls the game, with the assistance of two linesmen. The referee patrols the field diagonally, and must be fit enough to keep up with the fast-moving play. The referee uses a whistle to start and stop play, and hand signals to indicate deci­sions. The referee holds up coloured cards to show punishments for players' offences. A yellow card indi­cates an official caution, or booking; a red card indicates that the offending player sent off and must leave the field.
The referee punishes infringements of the rules by awarding a free kick to the other side. In the case of foul play, he or she has to decide whether the foul (a viola­tion of the rules) was intentional. The referee must also refrain from stopping play for a foul in cases where he or she is satisfied that, by stopping play, the offending team would gain an advantage. However, the referee cannot allow play to continue, and then blow the whistle for a foul if the offending team is seen to benefit from the infringement. The referee must make a decision im­mediately.
In addition to enforcing the rules, the referee keeps a record of the game's scores and acts as timekeeper.
The linesmen patrol the touch lines. The linesmen's chief duties are to flag when the ball goes out of play. The linesman indicates which team is entitled to put the ball back into play, and also informs the referee when either team wishes to substitute a player. Linesmen also help the referee to control the game, flagging to draw attention to any breach of the rules the referee might have missed, or when they judge a player to be offside (see Offside, below).
Restarts. The game is restarted after the ball has gone out of play, or the referee has stopped play, by a kick, a throw, or a dropped ball. A kick is taken when the ball goes out over the goal line. A throw is taken when the ball goes out over the touch line. The referee also awards a kick against a side for a foul or for misconduct. The player restarting play with a kick or throw may not play the ball again until it has been touched by another player. After a stoppage for some other reason, such as the urgent treatment of an injured player, the referee drops the ball into play between two opposing players.
Free kicks are awarded after an infringement by one team. Free kicks may be direct or indirect, according to the infringement. A player can score a goal from a direct free kick, but an indirect free kick must touch, or be touched by, another player before a goal can be scored. A free kick must be taken from the spot where the of­fence took place. When a player takes a free kick, no op­ponent may be within 9.15 metres of the ball.
A penalty kick is a direct free kick awarded for an of­fence, such as a deliberate foul or handling of the ball, committed in a player's own penalty area. A player from the other team takes a free kick at goal from the penalty spot (see field of play diagram). All other players, except the opposing goalkeeper, must be at least 9.15 metres from the penalty spot, and outside the penalty area. The goalkeeper must stand on the goal line, and must not move his or her feet until the kick is taken.
A corner kick is awarded to the attacking team when the ball goes out of play over the goal line, and was last touched by a member of the defending team. The kick must be taken from within the quarter-circle at the nearest corner flag post, and no opposing player may be within 9.15 metres of the ball. A goal may be scored directly from a corner kick.
A goal kick is awarded to the defending team when the ball goes out of play over the goal line, and was last touched by a member of the attacking team. The kick is taken from within the goal area on the side nearer where the ball went out of play. No opposing player may be inside the penalty area when a goal kick is taken. The ball must travel outside the penalty area before it is in play again.
Throw-ins are awarded when the ball goes out of play over the touch line. A player from the team opposing that of the player who last touched the ball takes the throw from the point where it crossed the line. The thrower must use both hands to deliver the ball from behind and over his head. The player must face the field of play, and part of each foot must be grounded on or behind the touch line. If the ball is improperly thrown in, or taken from the wrong place, the throw goes to the opposing side. A player cannot score a goal directly from a throw-in.
Dropped ball. When the referee has to stop play tem­porarily, other than to award a kick or throw, the game is restarted by dropping the ball between two players from opposing sides. The referee drops the ball at the spot where it was when play was stopped. The players may not play the ball until it touches the ground.
Fouls and misconduct. The referee punishes of­fences by awarding a free kick or penalty (free shot at goal) to the other side. For serious offences, the referee may also caution or send off the offending player.

Team tactics
Team tactics are often described by using numbers to relate to the players (excluding the goalkeeper). For ex­ample, a 4-3-3 formation means that a team is playing with four defenders, three midfield players, and three attackers, or forwards.
Defence. The chief role of defenders is to break up opposing attacks by intercepting opponents' passes, or by tackling opponents to win the ball from them. There are two basic defensive systems, zonal marking and "man-for-man" marking. In zonal marking, each defender is responsible for one zone, or strip of the pitch. (These zones are not marked.) Each defender marks (stays close to) any attacker who moves into this zone. Zonal mark­ing is usually operated with four defenders, two full­backs and two centra!defenders. In "man-for-man" mark­ing, each defender is responsible for marking a particu­lar opponent, and following wherever he goes. Teams playing this system usually have a sweeper, a player who does not mark any one opponent, but instead cov­ers the other defenders from behind whenever an op­posing forward threatens to break through. The "man- for-man" system can be used with four defenders plus a sweeper so that, if there are only two attackers to mark, the spare defenders can attack along the touch lines.
Midfield. The midfield is the link between defence and attack. Most teams operate with three or four mid­field players. Midfielders require considerable stamina, as they are expected to play a part in both defence and attack.
The midfield is a busy area of play, and there are sev­eral types of midfielders. The chief role of the anchor­man is to win the ball. The midfield general, or play- maker, tries to dictate the pattern of play and set up attacks. Through-runners make runs at goal from deep positions, aiming to arrive unmarked to meet a long pass from a team-mate. Some teams operate with one of each of these types of midfielders. Many midfielders perform more than one role. Another type of midfielder is the withdrawn winger, who attacks along the wings, near the touch line, but also tackles back in defence.
Attack. The chief attacking players are centra!striker and winger. Teams may operate with two of each. There is usually at least one central striker. Some teams play without wingers. For example, in a 4-4-2 formation, there might be just two central strikers, with wing positions taken up by other players making runs to, or along, the touch lines.
The main function of some strikers is to act as target players. Such a player should be available to accept passes from midfield or defence, and to lay the ball off (pass back or sideways) to fellow forwards or to mid­fielders running forward. In most teams, one striker is the chief goalscorer, always looking to take up good scoring positions and ready to make an attempt at goal. A winger's chief job is to pull defenders out of position by taking the ball to the goal line, and to set up goal chances for team-mates by sending the ball across into the goalmouth. Wingers should also be prepared to run toward the penalty area to attempt to score a goal.
Team play. An important part of team play is off-the-ball running—that is, players without the ball taking up positions to give a team-mate more options for making passes, or to draw defenders out of position. Set-pieces are tactical manoeuvres involving two or more players, especially at restarts, or dead-ball situations, such as free kicks, corners, and throw-ins. Teams practise set-piece plays, and players often use signals to let team­mates know which particular play they intend to use.

Skills
Playing the ball with the foot involves a variety of skills—controlling the ball, passing, shooting, dribbling, and tackling. Heading is a skill unique to association football. Coalkeeping calls for special techniques not re­quired by the outfield players.
Control. Players can control the ball with any part of their body except hands and arms. A player receiving the ball usually has to take the pace off it (slow it down) by skilful movement of foot, thigh, or chest, which brings the ball under control at his or her feet. He or she then has to push the ball in the right direction with just enough force so as not to lose control of it.
Passing is the most important team skill. Players pass the ball in many ways. They make long and short passeis, direct, swerved, and chipped passes. They pass the ball with their feet, their head, and their chest. The object is to pass the ball to a team-mate who is in a better posi­tion to use the ball, to build up an attack, or perhaps to shoot, just as important as passing is the support play­ers give to a team-mate who has the ball. When seven players make themselves available to receive a pass, they give the player in possession more options.
Accuracy is important when making a pass. So too are weighting (the strength of a pass) and timing. Played too hard, a pass might be difficult for the receiver to control. If the pass is not strong enough, it may be intercepted by an opponent. A quick, "first-time" pass can open up a defence before the defenders have time to position themselves. But a pass may have to be delayed to allow a team-mate to move into a better position.
A player uses different parts of the foot to pass the ball. Short passes may be made with any part. Passing with the inside of the foot, using a sideways movement, is the most reliable and accurate method for making a straight pass over short distances. But there is often a need to bend (swerve) the ball, in order to avoid an op­ponent or to curl the ball into the path of a teammate. Players bend the ball by striking it with the side of the foot.
Using the outside of the foot bends the ball away from the player; using the inside of the foot bends it across the player's body. To chip the bali, in order to loft it over the opposition, a player's foot makes contact with the underside of the ball and the ground at the same time, while the player is leaning slightly back. This tech­nique is often used when crossing (centring) the ball from the wing to the goalmouth. When crossing, a player can bend the ball out of reach of the goalkeeper by using the inside of the foot.
Shooting (kicking toward the goal). Players kick with the instep to strike a ball powerfully and accurately. The nonkicking foot should be placed alongside the ball, the head kept down, and the body well over the ball. After the ball is kicked, the kicking foot should follow through. A player can impart swerve to a shot by using the same techniques as in passing. Not all goals are scored by powerful kicks or shots. Many goals are scored by deflections, short-range "prod-ins", or chips
over the goalkeeper. Players normally use the instep for volleying the ball—that is, striking it while it is in the air.
Heading. With good timing and the correct use of the neck muscles, a player can head the ball accurately and powerfully. Contact should be made with the fore­head. The neck muscles are used to "punch" the ball.
When defending, players try to head the ball up and away from danger, preferably to a team-mate, in attack, a player heads powerfully for goal, often twisting the head round to meet a cross and deflect the ball at an angle towards the goal. Downward headers are the most difficult for goalkeepers to stop.
Allowing the ball to hit directly any other part of the head apart from the forehead can be painful and even dangerous. An exception is when a player glances the ball off the top of his head. If this is done while standing at the near post when a corner kick is taken, the defence finds such a "flick-on" difficult to deal with. A player heading the ball usually aims to meet it at the top of the jump, especially when competing with opponents for it.
Dribbling is one of the most exciting features of foot­ball. Players run with the ball at their feet, nudging it along. They use speed, skill, and trickery to keep pos­session and to avoid the tackles of their opponents. Run­ning at opponents with the ball can break even a well- organized defence.
Players use all kinds of deceptive movements to con­fuse and unbalance opponents. They may feint (pretend to go one way but go another), dummy (pretend to kick the ball but not do so), or use swivelling movements of hips or shoulders to send defenders the wrong way. Good dribbling calls for balance, acceleration, body swerve, and the ability to use each side of either foot to control the ball. A player must also know when to re­lease the ball, to shoot for goal, or pass to a team-mate who is in a better position.
Tackling is an important aspect of the wider skill of ball-winning. Gaining possession calls for good posi­tional sense, timing, and the ability to "read the game". Good defenders will often win the ball by intercepting a pass or dosing down an opponent so that he or she loses control. Physical tackling with the foot is often a last resort, because missing the ball may leave a player's defence open or foul an opponent.
The two basic tackles are the block tackle and the sliding tackle. To make a block tackle, a player ap­proaches the player in possession square on and goes for the ball with the inside of his or her foot. Keeping the rest of that leg and the bodyweight behind the ball, the player tries to wrench or hook it away cleanly to gain possession of the ball. The sliding tackle is usually made from the side, typically when an opponent is close to the touch line or goal line. The aim is to push the ball to safety—in touch or for a corner—as the tackier fin­ishes up on the ground and is rarely in a position to take possession. In making the tackle, the player slides the foot along the ground, while the knee of the nontackling foot approaches the ground.
Goalkeeping calls for sharp reflexes, agility, speed off the mark, good ball-handling ability, and fine judg­ment. The ability to read a situation is essential for a keeper who must decide whether to stay on the goal line as play approaches, or come out to meet a high cross or a through ball.
Goalkeepers must be fairly tall to cover the goal. They aim to make the target as small as possible for an at­tacker trying to shoot. Courage and confidence are also important. Keepers are exposed to physical contact when they stretch high to catch a ball or dive at the feet of an onrushing attacker.
Keepers must also develop a good understanding with their team-mates. They should be master of their penalty area, calling to claim the ball when necessary. When keepers gain possession of the ball, they should be able to make quick, accurate throws and long kicks to set up attacks.
Other football skills include screening the ball and turning with the ball. Screening is a skill that footballers should develop and use naturally in their play, espe­cially when dribbling or controlling the ball. !t involves keeping the body between an opponent and the ball, to make it difficult for the opponent to make a fair tackle.
Turning is a skill used chiefly by forwards with their back to goal. An attacking player takes a pass and turns at the same time to deceive his marker, and gain valu­able space.

Leagues and cups
Football is organized in league and cup competitions. Teams also play so-called "friendly matches."
In league football, the teams in the league (group) usually play each other twice—at home (their own ground) and away (their opponents' ground). In most leagues, a win is worth two points, a draw one, and a defeat none. Some leagues award three points for a win or give bonus points for goals scored. When all the teams have played each other, the champion team is the one with the most points. Teams equal on points are separated by goal difference (the difference between goals scored by a team and goals scored against them). When goal differences are equal, the team scoring more goals takes precedence.
In most major footballing countries, leagues are structured in several divisions. There is usually a system of promotion (upward movement) and relegation (down­ward movement) between the divisions for the top and bottom teams, respectively.
Small leagues are often used to eliminate teams in major tournaments, such as the qualifying stages and the finals of the World Cup. Again, goal difference is used to separate teams with equal points. If two team cannot be separated, and there is no time in the sched­ule for a play-off, they may have to draw lots.
Cup competitions are organized on a knock-out. The cup draw (lottery) determines whether a team plays at home or away, and who the opponents will be. If the match is drawn, it is replayed on the other side's ground. If the sides are still equal at the end of this second game, extra time (15 minutes each way) may be played, and further replays may have to take place.
A round of some knock-out competitions involves a home and away game, each called a leg. The winner of each tie (a match in an eliminating competition) is then determined on the aggregate, or combined total, score over the two legs. If the teams are level after the 90 minutes regular play in the second leg, extra time may be be played. If the teams are still level after extra time, the tie may be decided on the away goals rule. By this rule, all goals scored by the team playing away from home count double. Otherwise, the teams might have to break the tie by taking a series of penalties.
In penalty deciders, also called penalty shoot-outs, each team has five penalties, taken alternately, no player taking more than one shot. If the penalty score is equal after the series of five penalty kicks by each side, further penalties are taken by different players until one side has a goal lead after both sides have taken an equal number of kicks.

The world game
The world governing body for football is the Federa­tion Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), with headquarters in Zurich, Switzerland. FIFA organizes the World Cup and other international competitions, such as world youth and junior championships. FIFA recog­nizes six continental groupings, which organize the game in their regions.
The World Cup is held every four years. Countries qualify for the finals over the previous two years through elimination groups in their continental zones. Twenty-four nations contest the finals. The titleholders and the host country qualify automatically. Of the other 22 places, 12 are currently allocated to Europe, with 3 each to South America and Africa, 2 to Asia, and to North and Central America. Oceania's champions have to play off with the runners-up from the North and Central American zone and a South American country for the last place in the finals. The World Cup finals take place over a period of about a month at several venues in the host country. The qualifying nations are divided into six groups of four, from which eight teams are elim­inated. From the last 16, or eighth-finals, the competition becomes a straight knock-out contest.
 Brazil are the only country to have appeared in every World Cup finals competition.
 They won their fourth tro­phy in 1994.
Individual players who have starred in competitions from 1958 to 1970, and West Germany's Uwe Seeler, who scored 9 over the same period. The record for the most goals in World Cup competition was set by Gerd Muller of West Germany, with 14 in 1970 and 1974. just Fontaine of France set the record for a single com­petition, with 13 in 1958. The only player to score three goals in a World Cup final was Geoff Hurst, for England, in 1966.
Europe. The governing body for Europe is the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA). The European Championships are held every four years. More than 30 countries take part, eight qualifying for the finals. UEFA also organizes under-21 and youth competitions, and three major club competitions. The club competitions, which take place annually, are the European Cup, for champion clubs; the European Cup-Winners Cup, for national cup holders; and the UEFA Cup for other lead­ing teams. They are run on a knock-out basis with home and away legs in each round except the finals of the Eu­ropean Cup and the Cup-Winners Cup.
The four United Kingdom countries - England, Scot­land, Wales, and Northern Ireland - have their own Foot­ball Associations and compete separately at both coun­try and club level.
South America has fewer footballing nations than Europe, but has won equal honours in international competition over the years owing mainly to the strength of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay. Football in South America is run by the Confederacion Sudamericana de Futbol (CONMEBOL). The chief competitions are the South American Championship for countries, and the Copa de los Libertadores for clubs.
Africa is the emerging continent in world football. The game there is run by the Confederation Africaine de Football (CAF). Twelve countries take part in the African Nations Cup, held once every four years. There are also international club championships. In international com­petitions African teams have produced encouraging performances against countries from the traditional strongholds of the game. The game is South Africa's most popular sport. In the early 1990's, the country's iso­lation from international sport ended. South Africa formed a national team and began competing against other countries.
North and Central America. Mexico, twice World Cup hosts, have dominated this group, which includes the Caribbean countries. The governing body is the Confederacion Norte-Centro-Americana y del Caribe de Futbol (CONCACAF). In the United States, despite the traditional popularity of American football and several false starts at professional level, soccer has grown in popularity in the schools. The United States team quali­fied for the 1990 World Cup finals, and the United States hosted the 1994 World Cup finals.
Asia. Football is a major sport in the Asian Games, held every four years. The Asian Football Confederation (AFC) also stages the four-yearly Asian Football Champi­onships. The game is particularly popular in the Arab states and in Southeast Asia, China, and japan.
Oceania. The Oceania Football Confederation (OFQ is the smallest continental association, and is dominated by Australia and New Zealand. It has included countries such as Israel and Taiwan in its World Cup qualifying group, for political reasons. In Australia, soccer has to compete with the rugby codes and Australian Rules football, but several leagues flourish, supported largely by immigrant communities. Australia (1974), and New Zealand (1982), have played in World Cup finals.

Germany celebrate their victory during a parade after winning 
the FIFA World Cup against Argentina in Brazil
History
Historians believe that about 2,000 years ago the Chi­nese played a game that involved kicking a ball. The An­cient Romans are said to have encouraged a kind of football as part of military training. This game was prob­ably introduced into the British Isles, either by the Ro­mans or much later by the Normans.
There is a historical account of a football game played near London on Shrove Tuesday in 1175. Shrove Tues­day games became notorious as "mob football", in which hundreds of youths chased a ball through the streets, with little regard for people or property. This led to the banning of football by Edward II in 1314.
Later kings resented the game because it interfered with archery practice. But football survived and had be­come popular all over England by the early 1800's.
Unifying the rules. Football clubs began to be formed in the 1820's. Several kinds of football devel­oped, particularly in the English independent schools.
When students went to university, they needed a unified set of rules. A standard code was drawn up at Cam­bridge University in 1846, and revised in 1862 as The Simplest Came, with 10 rules. A year later, representa­tives of English clubs got together to form the Football Association (FA).
Clubs and competitions. In 1871, the FA Cup was in­troduced, the first competition of its kind in the world.
In 1872, Scotland played England at Glasgow in the first international match. The first professional footballers were Scots enticed to play for reward by clubs in Lanca­shire, in northern England. This had the effect of trans­ferring the stronghold of the game from the amateur clubs in the south to the north of England. In 1885, the FA legalized professionalism. Three years later, 12 Eng­lish clubs formed the Football League. The rest of Eu­rope soon followed the United Kingdom's (UK) lead in establishing league and cup competitions. Football also flourished in South America where, as early as 1867, a group of Englishmen founded the Buenos Aires Football Club in Argentina.
Governing bodies. FIFA was established in 1904 by seven European nations, although England did not join until 1906. Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland joined several years later. The UK countries withdrew from FIFA twice in the 1920's, the second time staying out until 1946. None of them competed in the World Cup until England took part in 1950.
However, the UK continued to play a leading role in the rule-making body, the International Football Associ­ation Board (IFAB). The four UK countries had founded IFAB in 1886, and FIFA members were admitted to the Board in 1913. IFAB is still the rulemaking body, with four voting members from FIFA and one each from the four UK Football Associations. A three-quarters majority is needed to make changes in the rules.
The modern game. No major changes have been made in the rules of football since the 1920's. However, the speed and tactics of the game have developed con­siderably due to improved equipment and training. Television has brought football to a much wider audi­ence, and sponsorship has pumped a great deal of money into the professional game. Top footballers are among the highest-paid sports stars, and may be trans­ferred between clubs for millions of pounds sterling.
Football hooliganism (violence among spectators) be­came a serious problem in the late 1960s. It began in England, with rival gangs of football followers fighting, destroying property, and generally creating havoc both inside and outside football stadiums. This so-called "English disease" spread to other European countries, and huge police operations became necessary to con­tain the rival gangs.
In 1985, the Heysel Stadium in Brussels was the venue for the European Cup final between English champions, Liverpool, and Italian champions, Juventus. The uncon­trolled rampaging of Liverpool fans, together with faulty terracing; led to the deaths of 39 spectators, mostly Ital­ians. This incident, together with further crowd trage­dies in England, resulted in government action de­signed to improve safety at grounds. FIFA has also brought in legislation to encourage conversion of grounds to all-seater stadiums.
In 1991, the United States won the first FIFA- sponsored women's world football championship. In England, a new FA Premier League started its first sea­son in 1992. The league was basically the same as the old First Division of the Football League. The United States hosted the 1994 World Cup finals. Brazil won the Cup for a record fourth time.

Outline:
Field and equipment: The football field, The goals, The ball, and Players’ equipment
Rules: Starting play, The officials, Restarts, Fouls and misconduct, and Offside
Team tactics: Defence, Midfield, Attack, and Team play
Skills: Control, Passing, Shooting, Heading, Dribbling, Tackling, Goalkeeping, and Other football skills.
Leagues and cups: The world games, The world cup, Europe, South America, Africa, North and Central America, Asia, and Oceania.

Questions:
How is a football game restarted if the ball goes out of play? What is the World Cup?
What do the numbers refer to in a tactical formation such as 4-3-3?
What organization governs football competition around the world?
When does the referee award a penalty kick?
What is a sweeper?
How many substitutions can a team make under international football rules?
What are dribbling; tackling?
What organization governs the rules of football?
Which part of the foot should be used for shooting?

Freekicks, Skills and Goals

FreekicksJust outside the opponents' penalty area offer good goalscoring opportunities. Opposing players may line up in a "wall" to cover one side of the goal while the goalkeeper covers the rest of it.
Four Steps to Striking the Perfect Freekick. Make ’em all count with tips from Brazilian specialist Juninho Pernambucano.
“Before you do anything, decide where you’re going to hit the ball. Take your time – consider the positioning of the free-kick, the placement of the wall and where the goalkeeper is standing. Do you have any previous knowledge of the goalkeeper? This will help you make the right decision. Then your main aim should be to hit the target, no matter what.”
Best Free Kick Takers in Football History featuring goals from Ronaldinho, Roberto Carlos, Andrea Pirlo, David Beckham, Juninho and more.
Useful links

Legendary Dribbling Skills

Dribbling calls for balance and close control. The player twists and turns to de­ceive opponents, while keeping the ball close to the feet. The legs and body are used to "screen"  the ball.
Useful links
Skills, Tricks and Dribbling
Top 100 - Skill/Dribble


The one-twoor "wall pass", is an attacking move used to pull the opposing defence out of position and create a goal chance. Player 1 passes to player 2, and moves past the opponent into position 3 to take the quick return pass.
Useful links
One-Two Passing By Barcelona
How and When to Use It
One-Two Passing Tutorial


Heading

Heading is a skill unique to football. For a power header, the player meets the ball at the top of the jump. Good timing is im­portant, and contact should be made with the forehead.
In this video you will learn how to head a soccer ball with power. Heading a soccer ball is a great method to learn how to drive and improve your soccer ability.
Useful Links



Goalkeeping needs agility, judgment, and good ball-handling ability. It takes courage to dive at an opponent's feet or to punch the ball away under pressure.
Useful links

Sport is Big Business
Useful links

Is big money and big business killing sports? Sports is now big business worth hundreds of billions of dollars and provides jobs to millions of people. Take Michelle Wie, for instance. She announced she was turning pro and received commercial endorsements worth RM38 mil, making her the richest 16-year-old in sports. She even made it to the cover of Fortune magazine.
However, Joseph Blatter, president of the Federation of International Football Associations (FIFA), believes big money and big business pose a danger to the future of football, and by extension to other sports as well. “Football is now a multibillion-dollar global industry. Unfortunately, the haphazard way in which money has flowed into the game is having some seriously harmful effects he wrote.
Blatter is concerned with immensely rich individuals with little or no history of interest in the game buying up football clubs; of players abetted by greedy agents demanding (and getting) huge sums of money to join clubs and play; of clubs that are more interested in the players’ performance on the pitch rather than their welfare; and of the huge disparity between earnings of ‘star’ players and the rest of the team, not to mention the many thousands of players in other teams and clubs around the world who earn a pittance.
“What we are faced with today is a football society of haves and have-nots. This cannot be the future of our game. FIFA cannot sit by and see greed rule the football in the world,” he said. Blatter said the world body has set up a task force to deal with the kind of excesses listed above and hoped this initiative would bear fruit “quickly and decisively”.
FIFA is concerned with some unhealthy trends in football, particularly at club level, and wants football to be truly a people’s game, shared and enjoyed by everyone around the world. As a result, FIFA is ploughing 75% of its revenue into the development of the sport. Two areas where FIFA is focussing: Asia - first China, then India with a combined population of 2.3 billion - and women; an increasing number of whom are playing and enjoying the game.
Blatter also lamented there is too much club football in Europe and is against European clubs making forays into Asia because they undermine the development of local Asian clubs. He feels that big money and big business is spoiling a beautiful game and looks forward to the recommendations of the FIFA task force.
But can this trend of commercialisation of sports be checked or reversed? According to New York Times columnist and Pulitzer winner, Tom Friedman, this trend is unstoppable. He argues that this is the result of globalisation. The proliferation of technology has made the world smaller and closer. Globalisation and the spread of technology resulted in the decline in the power of governments and the empowerment of the individual. Not only does the individual have more control of his own life, he also has access to technology to impact the lives of many other people in ways not possible a  decade or two ago.
Technology and television have also made it possible to bring sports to hundreds of millions of homes worldwide, just as they have helped reduce stadium attendances. Television has transformed sports, just as it has transformed entertainment.
And with it the emergence of superstars, be they singers, basketball players, golfers or footballers. Often the popularity and success of a performance or game is anchored around one or two superstars.
Friedman argues that there is no stopping this phenomenon - superstars will earn megabucks in their industry, while members of their team will have to be content with decent but unspectacular salaries.
So have FIFA and Blatter lost the battle even before it begins? We shall see.
(Footballer, David Beckham earns £17 m a year, while a footballer in Brazil earns less than £100 a month). 
(Adapted from The Star, 14 December, 2005)

Questions:
The Fortune magazine is probably a…
A teen magazine
B gossip magazine
C sports magazine
D Business magazine
haphazard in line 15 means…
A generous
B dangerous
C disorganised
D uncontrollable
The harmful effects (lines 16 to 17) mentioned by Blatter include
I low salaries of players in general
I clubs ignoring players’ welfare
II individuals buying up football clubs
III the future of football becoming dangerous
A I and II only
C I, II and III
B I and III only
D All of the above
This in line 29 refers to the disparity between the…
A salaries of the agents
B incomes of football clubs
C incomes of football palyers
D performances of football players
What does FIFA plan to do about the unhealthy trends in football?
I Focus on China
II Focus on women’s football
III Invest in the development of the sport
IV Control the rampant sale of football clubs
A I, II and III
B I, II and IV
C I, III and IV
D II, III and IV
Which of the following is the impact of globalisation on individuals?
A They are able to have a say in governments.
B They have greater control over themselves and others.
C They are able to participate in the commercialisation of sports.
D They have a role to play in making the world smaller and closer.
Blatter hopes that FIFA will be able to…
A curb club football in Europe
B restore football to its past glory
C increase the involvement of women in football
D prevent European clubs from making forays into Asia

How has television transformed sports?
What is the impact of superstar players on football?
“So have FIFA and Blatter lost the battle even before it begins? We shall see.” (line 65) What do you think is the writer’s opinion?


Real Madrid Legends

Updated/Latest
MALAYSIA LEAGUE 2016
FA Cup Final 2016: Full Match (14.052016)


The Premier League is an English professional league for men's association football clubs. At the top of the English football league system, it is the country's primary football competition
The UEFA Europa League
The UEFA EuropaLeague, previously called the UEFA Cup, is an annual association football club competition organized by UEFA since 1971 for eligible European football clubs…
Europa League Final 2016
Liverpool vs SevillaLiverpool vs Sevilla (1/3): All Goals & Highlights


Football Shoes


EURO 2016
Wide Open Affair
Hard to predict the outcome of expanded Euros
THE European Championship enters a new era with Spain seeking to reassert their old supremacy.
Invincible between 2008 and 2012 while claiming back-to-back European titles and finally tasting World Cup glory, the Spanish halo slipped two years ago with a humiliating blowout in Brazil.
How better to show that the first-round elimination in 2014 was just a blip than by completing a hat-trick of European titles in Paris today. It will be a tougher challenge than before, with the Euros growing by eight teams to 24 in France.
Although Spain’s national team have not collected a trophy since Euro 2012, domestic clubs have swept up continental trophies for three seasons.
The Champions League has been won by Real Madrid (twice) and Barcelona while Sevilla completed a hat-trick of Europa League titles in May.
The sternest challenges in France for Vicente del Bosque’s team are likely to come from World Cup holders Germany and the host nation, boasting a tal­ented young squad but whose plans have been derailed - as so often - by off-field controversy.
Then, there is the next rung of contenders yet to conquer the continent, just the type of teams Del Bosque fears.
A golden generation of Belgium players, embodied by Kevin De Bruyne and Eden Hazard, has to live up to their promise and start delivering on the interna­tional stage for the world’s second-ranked team. England are defensively susceptible but have a pleth­ora of fresh attacking options, including Harry Kane and Marcus Rashford, capable of challenging if not emerging with winners’ medals.
“Ifs very difficult, very difficult because there are
other teams who have been far from big titles for the last few years and need to win this,” said the 65-year- old Del Bosque, who could be entering his last tourna­ment as Spain coach.
“We want to get rid of whatever happened in the past and face the future as a big challenge.”
Unlike at the World Cup, Spain’s title defence can surely not end at the first hurdle in France.
Croatia, the Czech Republic and Turkey await in Group D and even a third-place finish could be suffi­cient to advance in the reconfigured tournament’s new round of 16.
Germany are more anxious than Spain about the group stage following setbacks in qualifying and friendlies since lifting the World Cup and veterans like former captain Philipp Lahm retiring.
After games against Poland and Ukraine, Germany face Northern Ireland, a first-time Finalists who qual­ified as group winners.
“I’m a player who likes to play against big names, big opponents, because you always know who is approaching,” Germany goalkeeper Manuel Neuer said.
“And so it is a little inconvenient. Most times you can only lose against such (smaller) teams.”
And underdogs can thrive at the Euros. Just look at Denmark winning in 1992 and Greece lifting the tro­phy 12 year later. Neither nation made it to France.
What chance another surprise champions 12 years on? Albania, Iceland, Slovakia and Wales joined Northern Ireland in qualifying for the first time.
Only Wales boast a true world-beater in their ranks. Ifs more than Gareth Bale’s goals that have powered the Welsh to their first major tournament since the 1958 World Cup.
Ifs the dedication of the world’s most expensive player to commit to the national cause when Real Madrid provides the status, silverware and salary.
“He sets the level and the bar for everybody eke to try to aspire to,” Wales coach Chris Coleman. “Because his standard is so high, it brings the best out of the rest of us, me included.”
Just as Real team-mate Cristiano Ronaldo does for Portugal. For the 31-year-old Ballon d’Or holder, who has won every significant club and individual honour, a title with Portugal is all that is missing.
The French are seeking the support of a nation still reeling from a 2015 scarred by attacks on Paris where the Stade de France was targeted by suicide bombers as France played Germany in November.
Preparations for Didier Deschamps’ team have not been smooth. Striker Karim Benzema was cut due to his involvement in an alleged extortion scam over a sex tape.
France, however, can still deploy one of the most sought-after midfielders in Paul Pogba.
Deschamps, who captained France to glory at the 1998 World Cup and Euro 2000, sees a need to build trust with his players.
“The new generation of players has flaws but also many good qualities,” the coach said.
“This French national team is rather young, but these young players play for the best clubs.”
Italy have a challenging first round, with Belgium and Zlatan Ibrahimovic’s Sweden in Group E along­side Ireland.
“We are experiencing a time of transition, especial­ly regarding talented people in Italian football,” said Italy coach Antonio Conte, who moves to Chelsea after the Euros. — AP

FRANCE
FIFA ranking: 17
Appearance: 9
Winners: 2 (1984, 2000)
R
ATHER like 1998 World Cup-winning coach Aime Jacquet, Didier Deschamps is using a pragmatic, all-about-the-team approach to Euro 2016 as hosts France look to capture their first major title since Euro 2000.
Deschamps, who captained Les Bleus in 1998 and 2000, left out Karim Benzema after the Real Madrid striker was embroiled in an alleged blackmail scandal and did not even consider Franck Ribery after the Bayern Munich forward hinted he could be willing to come back.
Defender Mamadou Sakho 'was not considered, either, as Deschamps would not risk losing the Liverpool player to a suspension after he was provisionally banned for failing a dope test. France will kickoff the month-long tournament today with their Group A opener against Romania before taking on Albania and Switzerland.
“My aim was not to pick the best 23 players but to go for a group capable of going very far in the tournament together,” said Deschamps, who took France to the 2014 World Cup quarter­finals.
It was the same philosophy that guided Jacquet in the late 1990s, when he omitted Eric Cantona from his Euro 1996 squad before France reached the semi-finals and, with a similar group, won the following World Cup.
While France built their 1998 World Cup success on a rock-solid defence, notably 4S2 because they were lacking firepower at the other end, the current squad have a tendency to be shaky at the back.        
Fullbacks Patrice Evra and Bacary Sagna are no longer at their best while Real centreback Raphael Varane is out injured.
They will, however, be guarded by a formidable midfield in Blaise Matuidi, Lassana Diarra and Paul Pogba, with Deschamps hoping Pogba will have as much influence as he has had with Tuventus. — Reuters

Coach: Didier Deschamps
Player to watch
Paul Pogba
FRANCE built their greatest triumphs on midfield and in Paul Pogba they may have what it takes to win a third title on home soil.
Thejuventus midfielder has been a key element of Didier Deschamps' squad since winning the first of his 29 caps three years ago.
Nicknamed 'The Pickaxe", the 23-year-old, who has scored five goals with Les Bleus and was named the 2014 World Cup's best young player, left Manchester United forjuventus in 2012, feeling he had been snubbed by Alex Ferguson at the age of 19.
Withjuve, he matured into a versatile midfielder with an elegant way of shielding the ball, whose ability to score long-shot goals can prove devastating.
This season, he scored eight goals from 35 Serie A games as he inspired the club to a S* fourth successive Serie A title.
have played with some great young players but Pogba was the best young s-player I have ever seen," said former team­mate and Italy midfielder Andrea Pirlo.
"We saw from his first training session with Juventus that he was special. You can build a team around him."
Deschamps has perfectly understood that and has been doing his best both to protect Pogba and keep his feet on the ground.
"He's been doing very well but he can improve, like everyone. I can be tough on him if needed, that's for his own good," Deschamps said.
"I have great faith in him."
France prevailed at Euro 1984 at home with their "Carre Magique" (Magic Square) of Michel Platini, Alain Giresse, Luis
Fernandez and Jean Tigana. Thirty-two years on, Pogba could well lead Les Bleus to another European title. — Reuters

ROMANIA
FIFA ranking: 22
Appearance: 5
Quarter-final: 2000
VLAD CHIRICHES stands at the centre of Romania's impressive stonewall defence, a pentrehalf who proves the old adage that some players are more important to their countries than their clubs.
Great things were expected of the Romanian at Tottenham Hotspur when he arrived as part of the £86mil (RM517mil) they received from the sale of Gareth Bale.
However, after two forgettable seasons in which he was dismissed as too error-prone and sent off in his final game against Stoke,
Chiriches was offloaded in 2014 to Serie Aside Napoli.
Once again he has struggled to secure a first-team place, appearing fewer than 20 times in all competitions for the Italian club.
With three more years on his contract, Chiriches has time on his side. With Romania however, the 38-time capped totem is long established as the pivotal force in a defensive side whose strategy seldom varies from securing clean sheets at one end and hoping for luck at the other.
That combination was effective enough to see just two goals conceded in qualifying for Euro 2016, an achievement in no small part down to the 26-year-old.
Chiriches'game is based on speed but he is also an accomplished distributor of the ball from the back and his aerial dominance and an up-and-at- them attitude mark him out as one of the country's great defensive talents. Around him stand the experienced Razvan Rat, Dragos Grigore and Gabriel Tamas, a formidable foursome who will let little past them in France. — Reuters

Coach
Anghel lordanescu

Player to watch
Vlad Chiriches
WITH a team ethic built on discipline plus a strong defence, Romania bear more than a passing resemblance to the Greece team who sprang out of nowhere to win Euro 2004.
While few observers expect Anghel Iordanescu’s side to emulate that success, their ability to prevent other teams scoring ensures they will be one of the most difficult sides to- break down in France.
Undefeated in 15 matches since June 2014, they kept clean sheets in 12 of those games including a goalless friendly against Spain last March.
So Group A rivals France, Albania and Switzerland know that even scoring against them will be an achievement when the action kicks off today.
“We’re tactically astute at the back,” captain Razvan Rat said after the draw.
“The idea is to not concede and from there create our own chances and score. The most important thing is the defence, to work at the back together and then attack together. You could compare it to the (Afletico) side of (Diego) Simeone.
“The most important thing in football is not to concede.”
Critics accuse Romania of predictability, per­haps a byproduct of Iordanescu’s refusal to replace ageing players who have been margin­alised by their clubs.
He is at least trying to introduce new blood with highly promising players such as Nicolae Stanciu, Florin Tanase and Andrei Ivan being given a chance. — Reuters
Coach:

ENGLAND
FIFA ranking: 11
Appearance: 9
Semi-finals: 1968, 1996
WHEN England fans sang about “30 years of hurt” at Euro 1996 they had high hopes of ending the pain with a first trophy since the 1966 World Cup but 20 years on from that agonising near miss there is precious little optimism in the air.
To a buoyant chart-topping Three Lions soundtrack of “football’s coming home”, England came within the width of Paul Gascoigne’s boot­lace of securing a place in the Euro 1996 final on home soil.
The midfielder’s extra-time, open-goal miss against Germany led to penalties, which England lost, just as they did in their only other semi-final appearance since 1966 at the 1990 World Cup.
Since then England have been serially unsuc­cessful despite the virtually biennial routine of excitable build-up followed by dispiriting exit.
That see-saw frustration was summed up in the space of four days by England’s two most recent friendlies in March.
Having reached the Euro 2016 Finals by win­ning all 10 qualifiers, scoring 31 goals and con­ceding three, England put the icing on the cake with an uplifting 3-2 away win over world cham­pions Germany.
However a 2-1 Wembley defeat by a Dutch team who did not even make the Euros brought everyone down to earth. Since John Terry left the scene England have looked horribly vulnerable in the centre of defence and they were caught out in both friendlies in exactiy the same way.
Manager Roy Hodgson is taking John Stones, Chris Smalling and Gary Cahill to France and mobile opposition attackers must be licking their lips in anticipation.
Despite their defensive shortcomings, it would still be a monumental shock if England failed to advance from a group containing Russia, Wales and Slovakia, and should they top the standings to face a third-placed qualifier they would also expect to reach the quarter-finals. — Reuters

Coach: Roy Hodgson
Player to watch
Harry Kane
TOTTENHAM Hotspur fans love to serenade local lad Harry Kane with the chant "He's One of Our Own" but the whole of England will be singing his name if his rich scoring streak takes his country deep into Euro 2016.
Kane has emerged as his country's most natural goalscorer since Alan Shearer and scooped the English Premier League's Golden Boot prize this season with 25 goals, the first English striker to lead the charts for 16 years.
He scored one more than Leicester's Jamie Vardy and Manchester City's Sergio Aguero and while Vardy has bagged a Premier League winners' medal, Kane is most likely to lead
England's attack when they kick off against Russia tomorrow.
His rise has been meteoric.
Two years ago his future at Tottenham looked uncertain after a series of loan spells, including one at Leicester.
However, Tottenham manager Mauricio Pochettino's faith was rewarded last season when Kane established himself in the first team and scored 21 league goals.
After a sluggish start to this season, he took his game to a new level, scoring 25. He now has 49 goals in 81 league games.
Kane marked his England debut last year with a goal 80 seconds after coming on against Lithuania and has five goals in 11 appearances for his country. — Reuters

RUSSIA
FIFA ranking: 29
Appearance: 11
Winners: 1 (1960)
RUSSIA travel to France with a line-up that has few world names but plenty of ambition and head coach Leonid Slutsky sees qualifying from the group stage as the bare minimum to expect.
Though they have made it to the Finals on four previous occasions, the only time Russia made it beyond the groups was in 2008 when, under Guus Hiddink, they reached the semi-finals where they lost to Spain.
Though a semi-final repeat might be beyond them, Russian football chief Vitaly Mutko expects them to emerge from a Group B that includes England, Wales and Slovakia.
Slutsky largely benefits from a clean bill of health - with the exception of Denis Cheryshev who has been ruled out of the tournament due to injury - as he
prepares his squad for their opening game against England tomorrow in Marseille.
Russia’s minimum task is to try to qualify from the group stages.
“If we don’t make the knockout stages, this will be failure,” Vitaly Mutko, the Sports Minister and Russian Football Union (RFU) president, said.
“I think that our team have the potential to have a good tournament,” he added.
Russia’s weak spot is a lack of pace in the centre of defence, with Sergei Ignashevich, who turns 37 during the summer and the 33-year-old Vasili Berezutski the first-choice pairing.
The Euros are likely to be their last tourna­ment at international level, with Russia looking to young players ahead of the 2018 World Cup, which they will host. — Reuters

Coach: Leonid Slutsky

Player to watch
Artem Dzyuba
A summer move to Zenit St Petersburg and a new national head coach transformed Artem Dzyuba from outspoken international outcast to the spearhead of Russia's Euro 2016 campaign.
The 27-year-old striker has long struggled to deliver on early promise amid suggestions of a difficult personality. Some took offence at his wit and former coach Fabio Capello ignored him altogether for the 2014 World Cup in Brazil even though he had scored 17 league goals for Rostov that season.
The arrival of Leonid Slutsky as the Italian's replacement changed Dzyuba's international fortunes and the player responded to being first choice by scoring eight goals as Russia booked their place in Euro 2016.
Part of the credit for Dzyuba's transformation must go to Andre Villas-Boas, who signed him for Zenit to end the cycle of what seemed like endless loan moves from Spartak Moscow.
Dzyuba clearly feels valued by his club and international managers and the goals have flowed. For someone so tall, at 1.96m, he has excellent technical ability and is a fine finisher.
There are still signs of his old cockiness, however, and Dzyuba celebrated his 100th career goal last month by taking off his shirt to reveal a T-shirt with the writing "Only 100".
In France he will hope to add to this tally.
"I hope I haven't lost all my bullets," he said. — Reuters

BELGIUM
FIFA ranking: 2
Appearance: 5
Best finish: Final 1980
BRIMMING with talent and buoyed up by a I quarter-final place at the 2014 World Cup, "Belgium will be a popular choice as an out­side bet but need key players to be on form after they lost captain Vincent Kompany to injury.
The Red Devils return to the tournament for the first time since co-hosting the event with Holland in 2000 but an exciting generation of talent will be no demure debutants, having already had a taste of the big time in Brazil two years ago.
Their performance in reaching the quarter-fi- nals - they exited after a 1-0 loss to Argentina - plus a convincing qualifying campaign for Euro 2016 led to a five-month stint at the head of the FIFA world rankings.
Belgium would be the first to scoff at the idea that they are the world’s best team but they are strong in all departments. Coach Marc Wilmots has an abundance of talent, led by Kevin De Bruyne, Axel Witsel, Thibault Courtois and the mercurial Eden Hazard, who is set to become the new captain after a groin injury sidelined Kompany.
Belgium will need Hazard to emerge from the funk that has characterised his club season with Chelsea and show more than just the occasional moment of magic if they are to emerge from the opening-round group they share with Italy, Ireland and Sweden.
If Hazard is on song, and working well in tan­dem with De Bruyne, then Belgium will have two much-feared players, capable of dictating the out­come of most matches. Wilmots has sought to keep his side under the radar and away from the spot­light the traditional favourites will attract.
Only days ago he proclaimed his side were nowhere near favourites.
“We hope to do as well as we did at the World Cup and maybe a little better. A place in the last four would be fantastic,” he told Belgian media.
“France, Germany and Spain are the favourites for me.” — Reuters

Coach: Marc Wilmots

Player to watch
Kevin De Bruyne
THE playmaking abilities of a fit-again Kevin De Bruyne, who has made a strong recovery from a knee injury, will be key to Belgium's hopes of success.
De Bruyne, who will celebrate his 25th birthday during the tournament in France, has turned in a series of impressive performances for Manchester City since returning from injury at the start of April and, together with Eden Hazard, presents a dynamic attacking force for the Red Devils.
A teenager when he made his international debut, De Bruyne is delivering on the potential first spotted at Racing Genk, where he was a regular in the team that won the championship in 2011.
De Bruyne is approaching 40 caps, four of which came in the World Cup Finals in Brazil two years ago. His five goals for Belgium in the Euro 2016 qualifiers, as they finished top of Group B, were equalled only by Hazard.
In England his injury earlier this year led to him missing out on a medal as City won the League Cup but it has still been a satisfying season, if only for the way he proved Jose Mourinho wrong. His spell at Chelsea after signing from Genk in 2012 had been frustrating. He was immediately sent on loan to Werder Bremen for a season before incoming Chelsea manager Mourinho decided he was not part of his plans after just three appearances.
De Bruyne returned to the Bundesliga at Wolfsburg, where last year he was named German football's Player of the Year. City took De Bruyne back to England where his quality has been quickly evident - Reuters

ITALY
FIFA ranking: 12
Appearance 9
Winner: 1 (1968)
ITALY coach Antonio Conte goes into the Finals with questions hanging over his team after injuries disrupted his selection plans and a lack of punch was exposed up front.
Adding to the frustrations of only occasional get-togethers with his players has been the distrac­tion of his impending move back to club football with Chelsea.
The passionate Conte showed his frustration with managing a national team when he graphi­cally described his displeasure with the long spells “in the garage” and far from the track.
That will not lessen his desire to bow out in glory in France and he has the tactical nous and motivational powers to succeed.
“I’m very tired of spending so much time in the garage,” he said before two March friendlies in which Italy drew 1-1 with European Championship holders Spain and were beaten 4-1 by World Cup winners Germany.
“In the garage, I smelt the smell of the machine,
or rubber and motor oil, not the grass of the pitch.”
Injuries have disrupted Conte’s midfield plans with Paris St Germain’s Marco Verratti and Claudio Marchisio of Juventus both out of the tournament after injuries requiring surgery.
He is sure to turn to PSG’s Thiago Motta, whose only appearances under Conte were in the two March friendlies, to fill the breach.
Italy can field an impressive all-Juventus defence with Gianluigi Buffon in goal and Leonardo Bonucci, Giorgio Chiellini and even 2006 World Cup veteran Andrea Barzagli in the back line.
Up front, Conte will be looking to talented little Napoli winger Lorenzo Insigne and striker Stephan El Shaarawy, who has spent the season at AS Roma on loan from AC Milan, for flair and goals.
Italy open their Group E campaign on June 13 in Lyon against second-ranked Belgium, who beat Conte’s team in a friendly last year, and also face Ireland and Sweden. — Reuters

Coach: Antonio Conte

Player to watch
Gianluigi Buffon
THERE is no stopping master goalkeeper Gianluigi Buffon in his ambition to add more major titles to his collection of the 2006 World Cup and seven Serie A championships.
Buffon, who will lead Italy in France when they look to end a 48-year wait for their second European Championship crown, has extended his contract with Juventus beyond his 40th birthday as he also seeks the equally elusive Champions League.
He has been a runner-up in both, finishing on the losing side in the Euro 2012 final against Spain in Kiev.
The question is whether Antonio Conte's Italy will be good enough to go one better even with record holder Buffon, ripening with age like a vintage Chianti, between the posts. Buffon, Italy's most capped player with 156 appearances, set a Serie A record in March of 974 minutes without conceding a goal.
"I was born for this type of work and to be the exception," Buffon said.
"If it could happen that I’d be the first player to compete in six World Cups, it would certainly mean something because of its rarity," he added with the 2018 tournament in his sights. He has seen action at the last four tournaments after being an unused reserve at France 1998. Any goalkeeper keeping a string of clean sheets needs the help of a good defence and Buffon has that at Juventus with Italy team-mates Leonardo Bonucci, Giorgio Chiellini and Andrea Barzagli, but he also has to be a rounded performer.
Buffon is a remarkable shot stopper, commanding in the air, a fine reader of opposition attacks and organiser of the defence and a respected voice. — Reuters

ALBANIA
FIFA ranking: 42
First appearance
ALBANIA have already achieved their dream by simply qualifying for their first major tournament and they hope that the lack of psychological pressure in France might even take them beyond the group stage.
Seemingly the eternal also-rans, Albania had never previously reached the World Cup or European Championship and the 3-0 win over Armenia that clinched their place in Euro 2016 sparked wild scenes at home and among thousands of Albanians abroad.
Albania will play hosts France, Romania and Switzerland in Group A and, outgunned by rivals with more experience and international stars, no-one is setting their sights absurdly high.
All the same, Italian coach Gianni De Biasi and football federation chief Armando Duka harbour hopes of making it through the group stage.
“We’ll go to France to play football, not as tourists, n but we are not making plans... we have proved we B ran heat anvnnp ” sairl Duka
The Albanian diaspora in Europe, home to most of the team’s players from Kosovo and Macedonia, have already bought 26,000 tickets for the group matches.
However, it will be understandable in Albania’s first match against Switzerland if some supporters feel a clash of loyalties.
Almost half of Switzerland’s main line-up are of ethnic Albanian origin from Kosovo and Granit Xhaka, a pillar of the Swiss team, is likely to be play­ing against his own brother Taulant.
In his four years as coach, De Biasi has tried vari­ous players to find the perfect combination. Albania play a defensive game and their attack lacks punch.
With those limitations in mind, Astrit Hafizi, who coached the national side from 1996 to 1999, offered a more realistic appraisal of their prospects.
“If our rivals are at the top of their game, our weaknesses will be revealed,” said Hafizi.
“We tend to be very dangerous for those who underestimate us.” – Reuters

Coach: Glanni De Biasi

Player to watch
Etrit Berishsa
ALBANIA'S Italian coach Gianni De Biasi never tires of saying his star player is the team but goalkeeper Etrit Berisha stands out from those around him, not only because of his 1,94m height.
Berisha became a fan favourite from the moment a string of memorable saves in his first game earned him the jersey for the Euro qualifiers.
"We were really very lucky he played in all the games," said Astrit Hafizi, Albania's former coach.
"He is one of the stars, probably the star. I am fully convinced when I say that we would have had great difficulties if he had not played in any of the matches."
At club level, Berisha has also produced at the other end of the pitch and he was a regular penalty-taker for Swedish side Kalmar where he effectively began his career after moving from his native Kosovo.
In 2013 he signed for Italian club Lazio where he has faced a battle with Federico Marchetti for a starting spot.
In Albania, though, he has few peers and he is expected to provide a solid platform on which the side can build in France.
"He is excellent, the key, he provides security. I don't recall any of his mistakes; if there is someone in our team who does not make mistakes, Berisha is that player," said sports writer Denion Ndrenika.
"His own performance has been spotless but he should shout aggressively in managing the defenders. He often leaves that role to (captain Lorik) Cana but it is him who has the best view of the defence so the goalkeeper should show determination," Ndrenika added. — Reuters

SWITZERLAND
FIFA ranking: 15
Appearance: 4
Best finish: Group stage – 1996, 2004, 2008
SWITZERLAND’S young, multicultural team are often regarded as a success story both in sporting and political terms, yet a cloud has descended over them as they head to Fra­nce.
The future certainly looked bright for Switzerland two years ago when they beat Ecuador and Honduras at the World Cup and took Argentina to within a minute of a penalty shoot­out.
However, the Swiss seem to have lost their way since veteran coach Ottmar Hitzfeld retired and was replaced by Vladimir Petkovic.
Petkovic said when he took over that he want­ed Switzerland to dominate their matches against all opponents with an aggressive, attacking game, yet has struggled to impose that style.
Instead, Switzerland still look more comforta­ble when the opposition take the initiative.
The club form of many players, a perennial problem, has also dipped.
The qualifying campaign was patchy with Switzerland failing to put up much of a fight in two defeats to England.
In the end, it basically boiled down to the last 10 minutes of their tie at home to Slovenia when they hit back from 2-0 down to win 3-2.
Had Slovenia won, Switzerland would have finished second and been forced into a playoff.
Even their reputation as a glowing example of integration suffered a setback when fullback Stephan Lichtsteiner suggested there were too many “Secondos” (second-generation Swiss with­out citizenship) in the squad.
Switzerland’s miserable performances in their friendlies suggested they could struggle to even make it beyond the first round in France. — Reuters.

Coach: Vladimir Petkovic
Player to watch
Granit Xhaka
SWISS midfielder Granit Xhaka stands out with his intelligence, technique and superb distribution, yet for such an elegant player he also has a surprising volatile streak.
Xhaka has been sent off three times for Borussia Moenchengladbach in the Bundesliga this season, five times overall, and he is still only 23.
Critics say he is too easily provoked and he will clearly need to avoid trouble if Switzerland are to have any chance of making it past the first round of the European Championship. The player himself believes opponents are under orders from managers to deliberately provoke him.
Born in Kosovo to a family of ethnic Albanians, Xhaka was compared to Germany's Bastian Schweinsteiger by previous Swiss coach Ottmar Hitzfeld for the way in which he dictates the Swiss midfield. He remains their key player.
Nicknamed "Little Einstein" because of his interest in science, Xhaka initially considered playing for Albania but said he was shunned by that country's football federation.
Switzerland and Albania have been drawn in the same group and Xhaka is likely to line up against his brother Taulant in their opening match.
Xhaka has openly supported Kosovo's successful campaign to be allowed to play international matches and has said he would consider switching. — Reuters

IRELAND
FIFA ranking: 33
Appearance: 3
Best finish: Group stage 1988, 2012
A STUNNING home victory over world champions Germany in qualifying suggested a rejuvenated Ireland side could cause the sort of upset in France that would banish memories of their woeful Euro 2012 campaign.
Drawn with Sweden, Belgium and Italy in Group E this time, the Irish will be confident of containing Zlatan Ibrahimovic in their opening game and giving themselves a good shot at mak­ing the knockout stages.
A stuttering qualifying campaign exploded into life when striker Shane Long latched on to a long ball in the home game against Germany and smashed in an unstoppable swerving shot, reig- niting Irish hopes.
That goal went a long way to restoring the wounded pride of Irish football after a disastrous Euro 2012 in which Giovanni Trapattoni's team scored once and conceded nine goals as they were humiliated by Croatia, Spain and Italy.
In 2016 qualifying, Ireland took four points off the Germans but defeat by Poland in their final group game sent them to the playoffs, where they comfortably beat Bosnia 3-1 over two legs.
It was all so different from the failed 2014 World Cup qualifying campaign under Trapattoni which heralded the end of the Italian's reign.
He was replaced by Northern Irishman Martin O'Neill who, together with former Ireland inter­national Roy Keane, was brought in to breathe fire into the side.
The rediscovery of the fighting Irish spirit was epitomised by the energy of bustling forward Jonathan Walters but the duo also found room for the creative spark provided by Norwich midfield­er Wes Hoolahan.
Despite being some of the loudest, most pas­sionate fans in Poland in 2012 the Irish had little to cheer but Euro 2016 will give the side a chance to restore their reputation as a team full of strength, spirit and surprises. — Reuters

Coach: Martin O’Neill

Player to watch
Robbie Keane
ROBBIE Keane faces a race against time to prove his fitness as Ireland's record goalscorer eyes a glorious last hurrah at Euro 2016.
Keane missed Ireland's two friendlies against Switzerland and Slovakia in March after being forced to withdraw from the squad with a knee injury suffered while playing for LA Galaxy.
Ireland manager Martin O'Neill was initially uncertain how severe the problem was, but Keane eventually underwent orthoscopic surgery on his right knee in California at the start of April.
The 35-year-old forward was expected to be sidelined for up to six weeks, leaving him with precious little game-time.
However, Keane's value to Ireland remains immense even in the twilight of his career.
While Keane's lack of football in advance of the tournament may be a concern for O'Neill, there is little chance O'Neill will turn his back on a player with a record 143 caps and 67 goals for Ireland.
Keane is almost certain to retire from international duty after the Euros, and could even hang up his boots entirely after starting to study for his coaching badges, so O'Neill would even consider taking the much-travelled striker as a non-playing member to provide advice and encouragement to the squad.
Ideally, Keane will return to fitness in time for Ireland's Group E opener against Sweden at the Stade in France in Paris on Monday. — AFP

SWEDEN
FIFA ranking: 35
Appearance: 6
Best finish: Semi-final 1992
HAVING secured their spot by beating Scandinavian rivals Denmark in a thrill­ing two-leg playoff, Swedish fans hope Zlatan Ibrahimovic and company will hit the ground running in France.
The Swedes crashed out at the opening stage of Euro 2012 and, with Italy and Belgium in their group this time round, a victory in their opening Group E game against Ireland on June 13 would go a long way towards helping them to make the knockout stages.
“The team that wins that game has a good chance of advancing. A victory there might be enough to go through,” said Sweden coach Erik Hamren.
The Swedes struggle against higher-ranked teams and managed just two points from a possible 12 in qualification against group winners Austria and runners-up Russia to finish in third spot.
To make an impact at Euro 2016 they will need
captain and record international goalscorer Ibrahimovic to continue to find the net on French soil.
Virtually unstoppable in four seasons in Ligue 1, the 34-year-old Paris St Germain striker netted 11 of Sweden's 19 strikes in qualifying, including three of the four goals that downed Denmark 4-3 on aggregate.
However, Ibrahimovic's heroics in front of goal have been frequently wiped out by a soft-centred defence that struggles against pace and coun­ter-attacks.
Known for his loyalty, Hamren still includes ageing stalwarts such as Sebastian Larsson and Kim Kallstrom in his squad but he is gradually introducing new players. They also have plenty of cover on the wings and at fullback but it is choos­ing the best pairings at the centre of defence and in central midfield that will give Hamren his biggest headaches. — Reuters

Coach: Erik Hamren

Player to watch
Zlatan Ibrahimovic's

COACH Erik Hamren may scoff at the suggestion but if any side at Euro 2016 are a one-man team it is Zlatan Ibrahimovic's Sweden who at times seemed to be dragged through qualifying by the sheer force of the giant striker's will.
The 34-year-old with the spectacular skills and lethal finishing ability netted 11 of Sweden's 19 goals in qualifying, including three of their four in the playoff win over Denmark that booked their place in France.
His goalscoring prowess almost overshadowed his enormous defensive effort in the second leg in Copenhagen that set the tone for his side's success.
"I think he's a great player and a fantastic person," said Hamren. "I made him captain with a view to him taking a lot of responsibility for: the team and he has done that."
His country's all-time leading scorer, Ibrahimovic's importance for Swedish football is; not limited to his achievements on the pitch.
His participation in home games at the  Friends Arena has a huge effect on ticket sales and his influence on the country's youth is enormous, not least on the junior members of the Sweden squad.
"Many of the younger players listen to him very carefully and follow his example. He has done a great job there, an enormous  job," Hamren said.
"But he's also one of the lads, he gives a lot of himself and there's a lot of jokes and laughter." — Reuters


PORTUGAL
THEY may be over dependent on Cristiano Ronaldo and struggling to replace old faithfuls, yet under the wily leadership of Fernando Santos, Portugal can still be a threat.
Semi-finalists four years ago, Portugal suffered a miserable first-round exit at the World Cup in 2014 and followed that up by losing at home to Albania in their opening qualifier for Euro 2016.
Tempestuous coach Paulo Bento, who had steadfastly refused to replace Portugal's old guard, was sacked and replaced by Fernando Santos, who made an instant impact as Portugal reeled off seven successive wins in the Euro qualifiers, all by single-goal margins, to steer themselves safely to France.
Santos has found the rebuilding process as difficult as his predecessor and has also relied heavily on more experienced players, even recalling veteran central defender Ricardo gets under way in France.
At least there has been a willingness to give the new generation a chance.
More than 50 players have been called up under Santos who has given 17 their full interna­tional debuts and fielded 33 players in the qualifi­ers.
His boldness to experiment has paid off, unveil­ing highly promising players such as winger Bernardo Silva and midfielders William Carvalho and Joao Mario.
Possibly the most exciting of all is 18-year-old Renato Sanches, who has just signed for Bayern Munich from Benfica months after making his professional debut.
Portugal’s biggest failure is their inability to convert chances into goals with former Manchester United winger Nani, who remains a regular at international level, one of the main culprits. - Reuters

Coach:

Player to watch
Cristiano Ronaldo
CRISTIANO Ronaldo owes most of his fame and fortune to his exploits with Real Madrid, yet he also remains a hugely influential figure when representing his country.
Portugal's results have improved enormously since Ronaldo made his international debut against Kazakhstan as an 18-year-old in 2003.
Their recent record at major tournaments is the envy of many bigger countries after they reached the Euro 2004 final, 2006 World Cup semi-finals and the Euro 2012 semi-finals, where they lost to eventual winners Spain in a shootout.
Portugal have suffered when Ronaldo, who has captained them since he was 22, has been off-form such as at the last World Cup _          when he suffered a bout of tendinosis in his left knee in the run-up to the competition.
The Madeira-born forward, who makes a point of breaking records, is Portugal's all-time leading scorer with 56 goals in 125 appearances and needs three more caps to beat Luis Figo's record.
Nevertheless, the three-time World Player of the Year has not been above criticism, with most of his goals coming in qualifying matches against weaker opponents and many supporters wondering why he did not take a penalty in the 2012 shootcut against Spain. - Reuters


ICELAND
HAVING qualified for the Finals of a major tournament for the first time, Group F hopefuls Iceland will not be content to make up the numbers and sides who underesti­mate them could be in for a nasty surprise.
The tiny island nation of around 330,000 inhabitants dominated their Euro 2016 quali­fying group for much of the campaign, turn­ing their home ground Laugardalsvollur in Reykjavik into a fortress.
While many sides would be loath to meet Portugal and Austria, Iceland will be happy to concede possession for long periods with a view to hitting decisively on the break.
Iceland’s recent success is no flash in the pan. For many years the football association have invested in coaching and facilities to enable young play­ers to practise skills all year round.
Iceland are compact, disciplined and aggressive in defence, launching lightning-fast counter-at­tacks when they win the ball.
Despite the Cinderella nature of their qualifica­tion, they are physically tough and not averse to a cynical foul.
At the helm is wily Swedish coach Lars Lagerback, who will step down at the end of the Finals. His players are spread throughout Scandinavia and the lower reaches of some of Europe’s top leagues. Despite the small talent pool, there is plenty of competition for places.
One certain starter if fit is Swansea’s attacking midfielder Gylfi Sigurdsson, who will be the side’s fulcrum in France.
There is also room for record goalscorer Eidur Gudjohnsen in the squad. Helping to track a way out of a tough group could provide a fairytale ending to the 37-year-old’s international career. Reuters

Coach
Lars Lagerback

Player to watch
Gylfi Sigurdsson
GYLFI Sigurdsson's road to football success has been winding, with the latest twist taking the Swansea player to France where he will govern Iceland's midfield as they aim to make a mark.
Sigurdsson's six goals in qualifying proved instrumental in his side qualifying for a major tournament for the first time, but his impact is felt beyond the scoresheet.
In coach Lars Lagerback's team the collective is always more important than the individual but without Sigurdsson it is hard to imagine Iceland beating teams such as Turkey, Czech Republic and Holland, as they did in qualifying.
Now 26, Sigurdsson arrived at the academy of English club Reading as a teenager in 2005 and played for Shrewsbury and Crewe on loan before moving to 1899 Hoffenheim in Germany.
From there he was loaned to Swansea where his performances caught the eye of Tottenham Hotspur, whom he joined in July 2012 before returning to Swansea two years later.
A powerful runner with the ball, Sigurdsson is essential to Iceland's successful style of defensive containment and quick counter­attacking. With his strong engine, coolness from the penalty spot and power and accuracy from dead balls, Sigurdsson will be one of the first names on Lagerback's team sheet in France. — Reuters


AUSTRIA
FIFA ranking: 10
Appearance: 2
Best finish: Group stage 2008
When UEFA decided to expand the European Championship Finals from 16 to 24 teams, Austria were seen as one of the teams most likely to benefit.
By no means among Europe's weakest teams, Austria were never quite good enough to make the final 16 and their only appearance in the Finals came in 2008 when they co-hosted the event.
Such has been Austria's improvement that they would have qualified for France had it been a 16, or even eight-team, tournament.
After drawing at home to Sweden in their open­ing game, Austria stormed through their qualifi­ers as they won all their remaining games, beat­ing Russia at home and away and thrashing Sweden 4-1 to clinch their place in style.
Coach Marcel Roller, given a tepid reception when he was appointed in 2011, has received IPK most of the credit for lifting Austria from 70th in the world rankings to the top 10.
Roller has given the team a new tactical identi­ty and has also proved a master at getting the most out of his players, including temperamental forward Marko Amautovic.
He has also brought remarkable stability, field­ing an unchanged starting line-up in the last six qualifiers.
The turnaround had been in the making even before the low-profile Swiss, whose last club job ended with him being ignominiously sacked by German club VfL Bochum, took over.
The Austrian federation had already imple­mented a new youth development programme and, like neighbouring Switzerland, begun to tap into the country's large pool of immigrant talent, something they had previously failed to do.
Most of the players are based in the Bundesliga or the English Premier League, giving Austria plenty of top-level experience despite their past failures to qualify for major tournaments. Reuters

Coach: Marcel Koller

Player to watch
David Alaba
BORN to a Nigerian father and a Filipino mother, David Alaba is an unlikely poster boy for an Austrian national team soaring unprecedented heights.
Raised in Vienna, Alaba left his hometown just after turning 16 to join Bayern Munich's youth academy.
As a youngster he idolised Patrick Vieira and dreamed of playing for Arsenal, but Bayern's persistence lured him to Germany where Alaba has blossomed into a world-class talent Pep Guardiola has tipped him to become "a future all-time best in the club's history." Quick, versatile and deadly from set- pieces, he is also the undisputed star of an Austrian side that had until recently spent years languishing in the international wilderness.
"He's just incredible, he's just... wow. He can play absolutely everywhere," purred Guardiola.
A precocious talent, Alaba was also eligible to represent Nigeria, the Philippines and Germany but was thrust into the Austrian national team aged just 17 years and 112 days to become the youngest player to represent the country.
Far from a prolific scorer at club level, Alaba has proven much more of a threat for his country with 11 goals in 44 appearances, including four during Austria's impressive Euro 2016 campaign in which they reeled off nine straight wins after opening with a 1 -1 draw at home to Sweden. Not since the days of Toni Polster, the country's record goalscorer from the 1980s and 1990s, have Austria fielded talent quite like Alaba. He will shoulder a growing weight of expectation in France, but he says it will not be a strain.
"I'm living my dream. Every morning I wake up and think to myself, cool, it doesn't get better than this!" he said. — AFP

HUNGRY
FIFA ranking: 20
Appearance: 3
Best finish: Third place 1964

STORY always hangs heavy on the Hungarian national team, whose dec­ades of under-achievement are con­trasted with the sepia glory of the 1950s when ghttering talents such as Ferenc Puskas and Jeno Buzanszky reshaped football’s landscape.
Whatever else Bernd Storck’s team achieve - and nobody expects very much - they at least have the opportunity to bring the story up to date when they rejoin football’s elite in France.
“We want to play good football and to prove, that we are worthy members of the champion­ship. Making the second round is not an expec­tation, rather a dream,” said Storck in an assess­ment that few fans will disagree with.
Hungary have not appeared in a major tour­nament since the 1986 World Cup and their last
European Championship appearance was in 1972. So just being there in 2016 ranks as a major achievement for a team who finished only third in their group, eventually qualifying via a 2-1 aggregate playoff win over Norway.
Their campaign was troubled, with one coach sacked and another leaving for club football in Germany before Storck delivered unexpected qualification on an unforgettable night in Budapest.
Where Hungary may struggle is up front after managing just 11 goals in 10 qualifiers but the group draw in France has been kind to them and, Portugal apart, they will look to games against Austria and tournament debutants Iceland as offering the chance to sneak a result. Reuters

Coach: Bernd Storck
Player to watch
Balazs Dzsudzsak
ALTHOUGH he has probably passed his peak, Balazs Dzsudzsak is Hungary's undisputed leader and will be a danger from set-pieces with his free-kicks.
The 29-year-old winger has been the brightest star in Hungarian football for the last decade without living up to expectations at international level.
At Debrecan he was voted the best player of the 2006-2007 season before moving to PSV Eindhoven where he enjoyed three productive years that yielded 44 goals from 114 league . games.
I His deadly left foot and ability to create goalscoring chances with inch-perfect crosses made him one of the European game's hottest prospects with Liverpool and Inter Milan reportedly tracking his progress.
To the surprise of many, he instead opted for a move to Anzhi Makhachkala before joining another Russian team, Dynamo Moscow. However, Dzsudzsak failed to reproduce his Eindhoven form at either club and 2015 saw him move to Turkish side Bursaspor.
At international level Hungary's captain knows he must lead from the front in France to prove there is substance to all that early promise. After 76 caps and 18 goals, this could be his moment. — Reuters


LIFE’S A PITCH
Do you rely too much on Your Star Players?
One-Man show companies don’t know what to do next the moment their leader steps down or passed away.
By Jonathan Yabut
The Star/Saturday, 6 August 2016
N the 2014 World Cup, it was devas­tating to see Brazil, a country strong­ly branded as a "football nation,” get butchered by Germany with a heart- wrenching goal tally of seven to one. If there’s anything obvious about this loss, coaches and managers can ea­sily pinpoint one thing: the absence of leadership.
In football, the team captain or the star player sets up the team’s defence, organ­ises the calculation of the goalkeeper’s next shot, or delivers the shots himself (and scores). We’ve seen this act celebrat­ed many times with Neymar Jr of Brazil, Lionel Messi of Argentina and Cristiano Ronaldo of Portugal.
Indeed, whether it’s in the corporate or sporting world, someone calls the final shot. Someone leads the pack, makes critical decisions, and has the final say.
He is the team captain, the commander, the chief executive officer (CEO), and the president.
Have you ever experienced that feeling when one type of success begets another success? When money begets more money? When a score magically rushes you to make another score after another score?
In that particular match, Germany was on that same cloud. When the tally progressed to four - zero in favour of Germany, Brazil’s fans had totally given up and lost any hope of catching up.
They lost the World Cup hosted in their own country.
Brazil’s loss teaches us that relying too much on star players to make a team win is not sustainable, and is never enough to win the coveted cup. The team captain or the star player may be the best performer in the team, but he alone cannot carry an entire team to victory.
Similarly, no company will succeed if it is being run like a one-man show. As a company grows and becomes more com­plex, power naturally disintegrates and gets divided to more and more leaders. Resisting this by continuing to monopo­lise decision-making will only lead to a power vacuum.
Henceforth, I’ll say it cold and straight: I hate companies that feature a one-man show.
These are organisations that perform extremely well only because the leader dominates the power to strategise and execute everything. These are companies where managers are afraid to vocalise their own concerns, or suggest their own brilliant ideas out of fear that the CEO will shut them down, or because the CEO "will have the last say anyway.”These are companies that feature a small group of star players that drive 80% of the com­panies’ sales but instantly crumble to bankruptcy the moment their star players leave.
One-man show companies don’t know what to do next the moment their leader steps down (or in some cases, dies).
Effective leadership, in its purest sense, means clearing the path and not dicta­ting the path for your people. It entails empowerment and delegation of power to managers who are capable of calling the shots, especially when the leader is out.
And why would the leader be out? Because he’s probably out there in the vast ocean looking for new sources of growth while his team digs into current sources of growth.
Effective leadership means trusting your team to deliver the same quality of craftsmanship you would uphold for yourself.
GAME OBSERVATION
Neymar is a good player. Imagine what he can do in the next World Cup as he’s only 24! But he cannot win for Brazil alone. He needs teammates who are as reliable and strong as he is. The same can be said forThiago Silva who probably had less sleep that day as he took accountabilily for Brazil’s loss.
Personally, I think that other team mem­bers should have also stepped up in these times of “national distress."
In contrast, Germany slayed teams in the last World Cup because its players were generally re­liable. Every German player po­ssesses the mentality of stepping up and owning the responsibility to organise defence, demand the ball, and drive a score - with or without the star players’ initiatives. Everyone is empowered and encouraged to lead in his own right.
Brazil had Neymar but Germany had a team.
POLISHING YOUR NEXT DIAMOND TALENT
Successful leaders don’t just continue leading to achieve more success. They also think about succession planning. They are always on the prowl, and are always on the hunt to look for those diamond-in-the-rough talents who can continue their legacy the moment they step down. They feel secure of their posi­tions, and are willing to transfer their knowledge and skills to a new breed of leaders.
They are unselfish. They always “wear a corporate hat” and think of the organisation’s interests even after their exit, even if they have no­thing to do with the company anymore (because that’s just what good leaders do).
Unfortunately, successful leaders get blinded and complacent such that the agenda of searching for the "next big talent” gets shelved. We've seen this happen painfully too many times. We’ve seen countries collapse when their uncorrupted leader gets replaced by a rotten one. We’ve seen some companies crash the moment their CEOs die and get replaced by an irrelevant one.
PARTING THOUGHTS
Brazil’s loss in the 2014 World Cup will be one for the books and will never be forgotten. If there’s any valuable lesson I will tell my grandchildren about this sport, it would be about leadership. I will tell them that in leadership (be it football or in class or at work), there is no such thing as carrying your team all by your­self to greatness.
After all, there is no “I” in “team”.

Jonathan is the winner of The Apprentice Asia and is currently based in Kuala Lumpur as the managing director of his own consultancy company. He is also an author of the book From Grit to Great, and a Leaderonomics faculty partner.

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